E 0361          (TO)  GATHER

The verb " to gather " is of Germanic origin .

H 1046             ד ח י                    

Concept of root : gathering

 Hebrew word

pronunciation

English meanings

ד ח י

yaghad

to gather, unite

Related English words

to gather

Comparison between European words and Hebrew

Languages

Words

Pronunciation

English meanings

Similarity in roots

Hebrew

ד ח י

yaghad

to gather, unite

y . gh . d

Old English

gad(e)rian

to gather

g . d . (r)

English

to gather

to gather

g . th .(r)

Middle Dutch

gaden, gaderen; vergaderen

-

ghaden ;

ghaderen ;

vergha-deren

to gather, unite

gh . d . (r)

 

 

Proto-Semitic *YAGHAD < WAGHAD < *GHAD --- *GĀD- Proto-Germanic

 

 

Entry E 0360 (Hebrew 0347), with the root " G . D . D ", that has the same meaning as actual "Y . GH . D " in Hebrew, is just a far cousin of the root of this entry E 0361 ( Hebrew 1046 ). We see two versions of the G, the voiceless one " G " and the aspired or voiced one " GH ". This phenomenon exists in fact both in Germanic and Hebrew, but is split in different ways.

 

 

Note:
  • Hebrew. The basic root seems to have two versions, "*G . D" and "*GH . D" , carrying the meanings of "one, unit" . These have been extended in various ways. The word for the number " one " has a first consonant Aleph added, which means the pronunciation has to begin with a vowel. The chosen vowel with this Aleph is an " E " : " א ח ד , éghad " .

     

    Of the two verbs for "to make one, gather, unite " , one, while using the basis " G . D ", has doubled the second consonant, thus becoming : " ג ד ד , gadad ". The other one , in this entry, on the basis " GH . D ", has received as prefix an initial consonant " Y " : " י ח ד , yaghad " .

 

Note:
  • Proto-Semitic . This Hebrew root " י ח ד , Y GH D " is also seen in Aramaic " י ח ד , yaghèd = he united". Ugaritic uses the same root for the same meaning, but in Arabic "waghada" and Ethiopian "waghada" we find the older form " W GH D". This was probably present in Proto-Semitic: "* ו ח ד , W GH D". It is uncertain when and where the change from " W " into " Y " began.

 

Note:
  • Hebrew and Germanic . Germanic in general uses the voiceless consonant G, like in English, German and Nordic, but in Dutch has GH. This is also seen in this entry. Germanic languages in writing use the G, also when it sounds GH, but Hebrew uses two different letters : ג (gimel) for voiceless "G" and ח ( ghet ) for "GH".
  • English, already in Old English, uses an intensive or iterative form, characterized by the R, introduced with an extra syllable.

 

Note:
  • Dutch, like English, has concentrated on the version with an extra syllable with R, but in Middle Dutch still had the basic form "gaden" ( pronounced "ghaden" ).

 

Note:
  • Proto-Germanic . German, and already Old and Middle High German, instead of a final "D" used a final "T" . All other old en new Germanic languages have "gad" and this makes it probable that also Proto-Germanic had "*G Ā D -" , to which of course suffixes were added.

     

    This leaves us with the fact that Dutch is again more similar to Hebrew, with its consonant " GH ", reason not to exclude this version from the comparison above: "*GH Ā D -" ,

 

Note:
  • Indo-European. There seem to be no indications for cognates in other branches of Indo-European. The comparison stays between Semitic and Germanic.

 

 

 

 
"...the town, to which was given the name Babel, because it was there that the Lord confused the language of all the world on the face of which He dispersed them. GENESIS 11,9"
 
Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 05/01/2013 at 14.52.34