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E 0799 SHANK
The word " shank " is of
Germanic origin .
H 0949 ק ו
ש
Concept of root : thigh and leg
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ק ו ש
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shoq
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thigh,
leg
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Related English words
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shank
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ק ו ש
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shoq
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thigh, leg
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sh . q
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Old English
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scanca, scencel
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thigh, leg
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sc . nc
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English
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shank
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shank
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sh . nk
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Middle Dutch
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schonke, schenke
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sghonke
sghenke
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thigh, leg
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sch . nk
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Dutch
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schonk , schenkel
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sghonk , sghenkel
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thigh, leg
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sch . nk
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German dialect
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Schunke
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shunke
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thigh, leg
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sh . nk
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German
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Schenkel
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shenkel
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thigh, leg
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sh . nk
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Swedish, Danish
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skank
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skank
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leg,
lower leg
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sk . nk
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Proto-Semitic *SHUQ --- *SKŎK- Indo-European
The main difference between Hebrew and these European words is that the latter have introduced an N before the final guttural. This kind of " nasalization " is seen very often.
As to the chosen vowel in the middle, we see the O-sound of Hebrew present still in Dutch, and a related U in German dialect. The others have shifted to or anyhow have an E or A.
The suffixes with L do not change the picture. Nordic and English , keeping the first meaning of "leg" have shifted the second from "thigh" to "lower leg".
Note:
- Latin and Italian. The Italian noun "coscia , cosha" stands for "thigh" and seems to be the Hebrew word "shoq" reversed. But it comes from an old Latin word "coxa" for "hip", and (perhaps later ) "thigh". So there has been a shift in meaning, from "hip" to "thigh". The word has then been adopted also in other Neo-Latin languages, for example as French "cuisse". There is no discernable relationship with Hebrew and Germanic.
Note:
- Proto-Semitic . Not all Semitic languages have the "SH" and "O" we see in Hebrew "shoq". Akkadian has "siqu" and "saqu" , in which "u" is a suffix. Then there are Aramaic "shaqa" and "shoqa" and Arabic "saq". On this basis there is a hypothetical Proto-Semitic "*shaq". But there may very well have been "*shoq", as the forms with a vowel "O" usually are the older ones. It is not uncommon that an original central "waw", pronounced "O", is substituted by a vowel A or E in a number of words shaped after the containing root. Proto-Semitic probably was similar to Hebrew "* ש ו ק , SH W Q".
Note:
- Proto-Germanic . On the basis of the words shown in the table, Proto-Germanic probably had "*SK Ŏ NK-".
Note:
- Indo-European. The following information shows that the nasalization in this case has taken place perhaps only in Germanic. If we suppose that the vowel " A " in the Eastern languages is as so often a development out of, or rather follows an earlier " O ", a hypothesis for Indo-European may be "*SK Ŏ K-".
Latin, as already mentioned, used "coxa = hip". It is related to German "Hächse = hip", which is one of the few cases in which indeed the well known hundred-centum seems to exist. It may be fully unrelated to German "Schenkel = thigh" as shown in the table.
Old Indian has "sákhti, gen. sakthná = thigh"
Avestan changed the " S " into " H " in "haxti = thigh".
Tokharian with a different meaning has "ckācko = leg, shin, calf".
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 05/12/2012 at 18.05.22 |
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