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E 0734 (TO) ROAST
The verb " to roast " is , via Old French, of Germanic origin .
H 0831 ת ש ר
Concept of root : wattled
or net - construction
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ת ש ר
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reshet
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grate,
net
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Related English words
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to
roast, from Frankish via Old French
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ת ש ר
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reshet
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grate, net
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r . sh . t
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Latin
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rete;
ratis
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rete ;
ratis
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net ;
wattlework, raft
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r . t ;
r . t .
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German
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Rost
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rost
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grate
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r . s t
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Middle Dutch
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roost(er)
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roost(er)
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grate
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r . s t
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Dutch
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rooster ;
roosteren
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rooster
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grate ;
to roast
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r . s t
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English
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to roast
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to roast
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r . s t
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Hebrew *RESHET --- *RĒST Indo-European
The similarity is clear with especially German and Middle Dutch. It is though limited to the meaning of "grate" and the above mentioned German and Dutch words are used for various types of grids and grates, not only specifically for a grate over a fire. The wattled construction is the basic concept. English " to roast " expresses, like Dutch "roosteren", the action of cooking on the grate .
Note:
- Hebrew "reshet" is based more on the type of construction , crosswise with many elements, than on the kind of material used. Therefore it means a grate or grid as well as a net.
Note:
- Proto-Semitic. We have insufficient evidence from other Semitic languages as support for a hypothesis .
Note:
- Latin lacks a clear etymology for "rete", and it is thought to be related to "rarus", a word with various meanings and that has led to English "rare". "Rarus" says "rare, here and there, thin, loose ". That seems insufficient to link it to "rete" and "ratis" with their T.
Anyhow these Latin words, without a central S or SH, are only more distantly related to Hebrew "reshet". The final S of Latin "ratis" is part of a suffix to form a noun.
There is in Latin also a word "restis", but that means "rope", also of the hangman, and made by the "restio" or "ropemaker".
Note:
- English "to roast" , from French "rostir" of Frankish (Germanic) origin, is based on the same root that we find in Dutch "rooster" of this entry. The noun is out of use, and seems to have been lost already in Old English. The verb "to roast" has its German and Dutch sisters. The Nordic languages have taken the same word from German and/or Dutch, according to the general opinion.
Note:
- Proto-Germanic. Germanic has, in English (f.e. crate, grate) as well as in German and Dutch a number of words that have a root "K R T" or similar to it, and that stands for "crate, basket" or for "grid, grate" . These may be only very indirectly related to the Hebrew root "R SH T", as they lack the central S or SH and have a K-sound opening their root.
The words "rooster" etcetera are based on older words. Old Saxon and Old High German had "rōst", Middle Dutch "roost". From these nouns came a verb "roosten", and from there a new "instrumental" noun "rooster". Proto-Germanic probably had "*R Ō ST-".
Note:
- Indo-European. There is a hypothesis of "*rēt-" for both "net" and "sieve". This is based on Latin plus an existing hypothesis for Baltic as "*retia-", rather near to Latin. It is useful to look as well at Germanic. The "S" in front of the "T" should rather be seen as original, not as a later infix. One may compare with Lithuanian "rezgis = wattlework". Indo-European may have used a form "*R Ē S T-".
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 27/11/2012 at 10.21.10 |
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