GR 1205A          *KULIX H 0489A    י ל כ Concept of root : vessel Hebrew word pronunciation English meanings י ל כ kәli vessel Related English words none Comparison between European words and Hebrew Languages Words Pronunciation English meanings Similarity in roots Hebrew י ל כ kәli vessel k . l i Greek κυλιξ; καλπις kΰlix; kalpis vessel k.l(i)k     Hebrew KELI < Proto-Semitic *KOL --- KÜL-IX , KĂL-P-IS Greek < KÈL- Indo-European     This Hebrew word (or perhaps there are more identical one) has various meanings, such as vessel, utensil, object and garment , and even "arm (weapon)". The Greek words have the same meaning of vessel but lack the others. "Kulix" especially indicates a drinking vessel or anyhow a low shaped one, whereas "kalpis" is a high vessel for liquids. Both have the typical classic Greek elegance. Besides this "kulix" has repeated the K-sound at the end of the word, which is not the most common way of in Greek so popular habit of doubling consonants withouth changing the sense of a word. Perhaps this should be seen as an added third consonant for diversification of meaning. A further related word is "κελεβη, kelebè = ", that says "drinking cup". A Greek "κηλον, kèlon = arrow " corresponds with another meaning of Hebrew "kelì = arm, weapon"   Greek "kulix" has also added a suffix S, shaping the nominative case of the noun, with an "X" as result. "Kalpis" with a sister word "kalpè", has added a consonant "P".     Note: Proto-Semitic. Regretfully we have no specific evidence from other Semitic languages. But an existing hypothesis says our word "keli = vessel" has been derived from the Proto-Semitic root "*כ ו ל, K W L = to contain, measure". This root can be recognized in Aramaic, Arabic, Ugaritic and Akkadian. It brings us nearer to Greek.   Note: Proto-Germanic. We note that there are Germanic words, like German "Kelch" and Old English "calic", that are seen as having their origin in Latin "calix". The vowel "A" in Old English may have stimulated this opinion. But oddly Old Saxon had "E" in "kelik", Old High German "kelich" and Old Dutch "kel(e)c", all according to Germanic rules. So the Old English "A" may be due to a change or to an influence by Latin . Proto-Germanic may have used "*K È L K-"   Note: Indo-European. With a combination similar to Greek "kalpis" there are : Latin calpar = wine cask", Old Indian "karpara- = pot, bowl.   With a combination similar to Greek "kulix" there are: Latin "calix = beaker, cup", Old Indian "kaláśagh = jar, pitcher, dish", and supposedly Proto-Germanic kèlk as already seen.   Indo-European may have used a group "*K È L-" for types of vessel for drinking or keeping liquids, but besides this possibly already "*K È L K-", specifically for drinking utensils.