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E 0201 CRAB ,
SCORPION
The word " crab " is of
Germanic origin . The word scorpion comes from Greek.
H 0169 ב ר ק ע
Concept of root :
scorpion-like animal
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ב ר ק ע
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‛aqәrav
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Related English words
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crab,
scorpion
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ב ר ק ע
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‛aqәrav
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scorpion
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‛a q. r . b
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Greek
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σκορπιος
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skorpios
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scorpion
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s k . r s
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English
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crab ;
scorpion
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crab ;
scorpion
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c r b ;
s c . r p
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German
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Krabbe ;
Krebs
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krabbe
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kréps
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crab ;
lobster
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k r . b
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Dutch
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kreeft;
krab
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kréft;
krap
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lobster; crab
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k r . f
k r . b
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Proto-Semitic *‛AQERAB --- *KRAB Proto-Germanic < *KREP Indo-European
The group of consonants "Q/K + R + B/V/F " is found in all these words that indicate animals with eight legs, claws and a hard outside protection of their soft inners.
The initial "Ayin + vowel" In Hebrew and other Semitic languages can be considered a confirming prefix. The consonants "V" are a way of pronouncing a "B", at the end of a word.
Note:
- Germanic. We do not believe that these words have been shaped after the verbs "krabbeln" in German or "krabben" and "krabbelen" in Dutch, meaning "to scratch" and also "to crawl". These verbs are of course inter-related . Our animals , called "crab" would then have received their name from a sort of crawling way of moving. Not moving forward, because they do not. The similarity we find here excludes any such development.
English "crab" has been preceded by Old English "crabba". There seems to be no directly related verb in Old English, that had "crĒopan= to creep, crawl". Modern "to crawl" is a loanword from Old Norse "krafla".
Note:
- Proto-Germanic. In older languages we find for "crab" a.o. Old Norse "krabbi". German "Krabbe" is seen as loaned from Dutch or Low German. An original "*krab-" seems acceptable. For "lobster" we find Old Saxon krebit, Old High German "krebiz and Middle Dutch "crevet, creeft, creft. Diminutives that indicate a.o. "shrimp" have been created, as in Old Franconian "krabitja" and Middle Dutch "crevetse, crevitse, cravitse" that has been loaned into French as "crevette = shrimp". We do not know if Proto-Germanic had different names with this root "K R B " for crabs and lobsters. But it probably was "*KR A B-" and/or "*KR E P-".
Note:
- Greek and Hebrew use various other and rather different roots for the names of crabs, crayfish and lobsters.
Note:
- Proto-Semitic. Sister words for "scorpion" are found in many languages: Akkadian "‛aqrabu", Ethiopian "‛aqrab"and with a metathesis "‛arqab", Arabic "‛aqrab", Syriac "‛eqareb'à" and Aramaic"‛aqerab'à" accompany Hebrew "‛aqerav".
Proto-Semitic probably already used the root we find in Hebrew : "* ע ק ר ב".
Note:
- Indo-European. The origin of Greek "skorpios" is seen in a root "skarp", a diversifying extension of "skar = to cut", itself an extension of an older "kar" that has a sister word in Sanscrit "kar = to cut". The origin of Germanic "krab" is supposed to lie in an identical root, that is still found in Dutch "krabben" with the meaning of "to scratch", as well as its intensive form "krabbelen" that says "to crawl", considered the way of moving of a crab". One sees a similarity between Greek "K R P" and Germanic "K R B" and "K R P" may well be the older form, especially considering the fact the the words for lobster have a consonant "F" which is like a "PH", a way of pronouncing a " P ". Indo-European may have used a form "K R E P-".
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 22/12/2012 at 16.32.30 |
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