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E 0095 BIND
The word "bind" is of Germanic origin
H 0004 א ב נ ט
Concept of root : to bind
clothes
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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א ב נ
ט
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avneth
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girdle
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Related English words
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bind
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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א ב נ
ט
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avneth
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girdle
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b.n .th
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English
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bind
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bind
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b.nd
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Middle-Dutch
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binden
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binden
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bind, wind, tie
clothes
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b.nd
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Old German
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bintan
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bintan
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bind
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b.nt
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Hebrew ABNETH (avneth) < *BENTH --- *BEND Indo-European
A girdle is used to bind or tie clothes. Therefore the basic meaning of the roots of the Germanic words is the same as that of the Hebrew one. Later , also in English, it has come to be used also for other ways of binding .
Note:
- The Hebrew word is supposed to have been derived from an older root, "*B.N.TH" with the meaning of "to gird". The word " avneth " is found in the Bible already with the Aleph in front of the supposed root and has remained in Modern Hebrew, but a verb or noun with the original root is absent and has thus disappeared.
Some scholars suppose that this word "avneth" has been borrowed from Ancient Egyptian, because that language had a root "B.N.D" that says " to wrap up". But girdles simply do not "wrap up". Besides this, a similarity between words that have possibly related meanings, in Old Egyptian and Semitic, rather then resulting from a loan from one Afro-Asian Group into the other, may rather be simply the result of a common origin.
Note:
- Proto-Semitic.
There are unsufficient data from other Semitic languages to form an independent hypothesis different from Hebrew.
Note:
- Proto-Germanic. We see that the oldest Germanic root above is as good as identical to the Hebrew one. Nearly all Germanic languages, old and new, have "bind", with Middle Low German and Old High German featuring a "T" instead of "D". The verb being "strong" we also find verbal forms "bond" and "bound" and the related nouns "band" , "bond" or Bund" in various tongues. There can be little doubt that Proto-Germanic used "*B I N D-", with in various verbal and nominal forms alternative short vowels as "Ă", "Ŏ" "Ŭ" and perhaps "Ė".
Note:
- Indo-European. Old Indian for "to bind" has both "bandhati" and "bandhnāti, besides a participle "baddhá-". The version with "NDH" is also present in "bándhana-; andhá- = act of binding, tying; binding, tying" and seems to be the original one: B Ă ND-". In relation with Greek, hereunder, it is useful to mention the word "bándhugh is (family-)relative".
Avestan is much like Old Indian with bandayati = binds (verbal form)"
Greek has a word "pentheros" = father in law" with an old root "*π ε ν θ , penth-, meaning "to bind, tie", indicating an original "P Ė NTH. The "TH" may have developed out of " D ", also via "DH". Related is the word "π ε ι σ μ α, peisma = rope", developed out of the same root "penth". This can be compared with the way the Hebrew root of this entry "avneth" has developed.
Indo-European in all probability had a form "B Ă ND-", but perhaps also "B Ĕ ND-".
Note:
- English " band " like German "Bande " and Dutch " bende " are of the same origin as the verb " to bind " .
Note:
- Italian " benda ( bandage, band ) " in Lombardic " binda " comes from Germanic, like French " bende " and Spanish " vinda " .
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 23/09/2012 at 12.16.13 |
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